What is the cause of sinkhole seam formation?
Tiankeng fracture was formed in karst geomorphologic area, which is mainly caused by rock dissolution and geological structure change. Dissolution causes soluble rocks to dissolve and form caves and underground rivers; crustal movement causes rock fractures that provide channels for groundwater flow. This accelerates the dissolution process. Human activities such as over-exploitation of groundwater, deforestation will also affect its formation.
Introduction of geological background
Tiankeng Gap, this unique geological landscape, often shine in the karst landform area, the formation of karst landform, From the ever-changing process of rock dissolution.
Rock erosion, water erosion, making the crustal structure in the long years of continuous evolution, and finally formed this amazing landscape wonders.
Tiankeng seam of different patterns, some such as giant beast mouth, some like Longtan Tiger Cave, all highlight the uncanny workmanship of nature.
In this mysterious land, every inch of land contains a wealth of geological stories, waiting for us to explore, to discover.
Introduction of geological background
The formation of karst landforms is inseparable from the wide distribution of limestone, dolomite and other soluble rocks, which have undergone long-term geological processes on the Earth's surface. Formed a unique landscape.
In the area of karst geomorphology development, the role of water is very important, it through dissolution and erosion, shaping a variety of karst caves, underground rivers and other unique landscape.
The formation process of karst geomorphology is complex, involving a variety of geological, climatic and biological factors, and is an important part of the geological evolution of the Earth's surface.
The study of karst landforms will help us better understand the Earth's history and natural environment. At the same time, it also provides rich materials for scientific research in related fields.
Introduction of geological background
Under the combined action of water and carbon dioxide, the dissolution of soluble rocks appears gradually, and geological wonders such as karst caves and underground rivers emerge as the times require.
Crevices gradually appear on the surface of these rocks, and the mixture of water and carbon dioxide seeps through the cracks and expands, forming a complex underground cave system.
Over time, the minerals in the walls of these caves gradually deposited, forming unique stalactites and stalagmites, adding to the mystery of the underground world.
Underground rivers flow meandering in caves, forming a unique landscape of underground rivers, providing geologists with valuable information to study the history of the Earth.
Dissolution and change of surface morphology
Dissolution creates unique landforms on the Earth's surface. It is a key factor in the formation of karst landforms. As groundwater flows, The calcium carbonate rocks are gradually decomposed and calcium bicarbonate is formed.
This process not only changes the physical properties of rocks, but also promotes significant changes in the surface, which is dissolved. Gradually formed a cave, canyon and peak forest and other unique landscape.
Long-term dissolution has led to a variety of karst landforms, from underground caves to strange peaks on the surface, All show the power of dissolution.
Dissolution and change of surface morphology
Carbon dioxide into the water, calcium bicarbonate decomposition, release more carbon dioxide and water, dissolution cycle quietly started.
The transformation of calcium bicarbonate, water and carbon dioxide interweave, the surface morphology changes subtly.
Dissolution cycle continues, the surface morphology gradually presents a unique style.
Dissolution and change of surface morphology
The dissolution cycle causes the rock to be dissolved continuously, changing the outline of the Earth's surface, and the unique karst landscape gradually appears. Landform wonders such as sinkholes and crevices are amazing.
Over time, rocks melt and the shape of the Earth's surface evolves. These changes not only create spectacular natural landscapes, It also reveals the ancient secrets of the Earth.
Under the action of the dissolution cycle, the rock is broken and dissolved, so that the surface presents a variety of forms, For humanity to provide a rich natural resources and unique tourist landscape.
Section 3 Geological Structure and Crustal Movement
The complex changes of geological structure interweave with the continuous movement of the Earth's crust. The force of crustal movement causes the rock layers to break, which not only expose the secrets of the underground, but also become the path of groundwater flow.
The fracture of the rock layer provides a way for groundwater to flow, and this process accumulates gradually over time, creating a unique landscape. Every wave of the Earth's crust depicts the history of the Earth in silence.
The interaction between geological structure and crustal movement not only explains the formation of sinkholes and cracks, but also reveals the mystery of the Earth's interior. Like the ancient memory of the Earth, waiting for us to explore step by step.
The fault zone intersects the soluble rock, the groundwater surges along the fracture, and the rock dissolves faster.
The groundwater shuttles in the fault zone, the dissolution is enhanced, and the rock structure is gradually eroded.
With the deepening of dissolution, the rock structure becomes fragile and the geological structure changes.
The meeting of fault zone and soluble rock is the catalyst for the acceleration of groundwater flow.
Section 3 Geological Structure and Crustal Movement
The crustal movement undulates like the tide, the geological structure vicissitude is picturesque, has shaped this land's myriad features.
Over the long years, the plates of the Earth's crust collided with each other, forming spectacular fault zones and fold mountains.
These movements gave birth to the sinkhole, they are the mysterious picture given by nature, witnessing the vicissitudes of the earth.
Section 4 Impact of Human Activities
Frequent human mining activities lead to the damage of mountain structure and the expansion of the scale of Tiankeng seam.
Large-scale engineering construction has changed the topography and accelerated the formation process of Tiankeng Gap.
Over-exploitation of land resources destroys surface vegetation, aggravates soil erosion, and has a negative impact on the stability of Tiankeng.
Section 4 Impact of Human Activities
Over-exploitation of groundwater leads to the sharp decline of groundwater level and the accelerated dissolution of rock in the state of water shortage.
Human over-exploitation of land destroys vegetation cover, intensifies soil erosion, and then affects the sustainable utilization of water resources.
Industrial production releases a large number of pollutants, pollution of water and air, a serious threat to ecological balance and human health.
Deforestation leads to the reduction of biodiversity and the destruction of ecosystem stability, which has a negative impact on climate regulation.
Large-scale agricultural production, using large amounts of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, not only pollutes soil and water, but may also trigger the accumulation of toxins in the food chain.
Urbanization has accelerated, a large number of farmland has been expropriated, agricultural production space has been reduced, food security is facing challenges.
Overfishing of marine resources leads to the imbalance of marine ecosystem and affects marine biodiversity and sustainable development of fisheries.
Section 4 Impact of Human Activities
Deforestation has brought a wilderness, over-exploitation of land has led to the diversion of rivers, and the geological patterns of sinkholes have quietly changed.
The disappearance of forests slows the flow of water and hinders the flow of surface water.
The geological form of sinkhole seam is undergoing unprecedented changes under the impact of human activities.
Formation process of ground joint in Tiankeng
The formation of the sinkhole seam is a long geological process, which begins with the slow erosion of the rock.
The physical weathering of rock is gradually broken by the influence of temperature, water and biological activities.
Then chemical weathering, dissolution and oxidation change the composition of the rock, forming new minerals.
Natural forces such as water, glaciers and wind cut and carry rocks, creating ravines and canyons.
In the long-term geological activities, the mechanical properties of rock change, resulting in strata fracture and sliding.
With the uplift and subsidence of the Earth's crust, the original ravines and canyons gradually evolved into craters and crevices.
The formation of the sinkhole has become a unique landscape in nature.
Formation process of ground joint in Tiankeng
The rock is gradually dissolved by groundwater under the erosion of years.
During dissolution, minerals in the rock are carried away, leaving cavities and forming caves.
Underground rivers flow in the cave, cutting the rock, gradually forming cracks.
Formation process of ground joint in Tiankeng
The violent movement of the Earth's crust, like the hand of nature, quietly tore the solid rock layer, cracks gradually expanded, forming a fault zone.
In the fractured rock layer, groundwater can permeate and flow slowly along the fissures. Over time, the stability of the rock layer is further weakened.
With the passage of time, the cracks continue to expand, groundwater flow accelerated, the cohesion between rock layers gradually disappeared, and finally led to the formation of ground fractures.
The formation of the crevices is a masterpiece carved by nature. It has witnessed the changes of the Earth's history and the magnificence of the geological movement.
Formation process of ground joint in Tiankeng
Cave internal water gradually expanded, the edge of the cave began to crack, with the increase of cracks, the surface gradually can not withstand the pressure of the underground.
The underground rock layer becomes fragile under the action of long-term dissolution, the bearing capacity gradually weakens, and finally at some point, the surface suddenly collapses.
The moment of collapse, huge energy instant release, the surrounding land was instantly swallowed, forming a huge hole, this is the sinkhole.
Formation process of ground joint in Tiankeng
Underground rivers flow silently through the deep stratum, day after day, year after year, they are like fine needles, constantly eroding the hard rock. Over the long geological years, the force of the river became apparent, and tiny cracks began to appear in the surface of the rock, and over time, These cracks gradually widened and eventually formed a gap in the ground.
The formation of the cracks did not happen overnight, but after a long period of geological evolution, the rocks were gradually worn away and the cracks deepened under the action of the river. Until the formation of a winding seam, these seams as natural works of art, witnessed the vicissitudes of the earth.
The formation process of the ground seam is full of mystery and wonder. In the days of wind and rain, the scouring force of the underground river is stronger, and the expansion speed of the ground seam is faster. In the sunny time, the crevices appear serene and quiet, as if telling its story, it is this unique geological phenomenon, Making the crevices a beautiful sight on Earth.